ANALYSIS OF miRNAS IN EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES FROM OVARIAN CANCER PATIENTS:
identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61229/mpj.v2i2.50Palabras clave:
miRNAs, câncer de ovário, vesículas extracelularesResumen
Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the eighth most common malignancy among women worldwide¹. In Brazil, an estimated 7,310 new cases of the disease are expected during the 2023-2025 triennium². The lack of specific symptoms in the early stages and limitations in screening tests hinder early diagnosis, posing one of the greatest challenges in treating this disease. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify new biomarkers that can aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of OC patients. Currently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are being extensively studied across various tumors due to their crucial role in cell communication, transporting proteins, DNA, and RNAs³. Among the transported RNAs, miRNAs have demonstrated the ability to influence several tumorigenic processes, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance4. Objective: Based on these findings, the present study proposes identifying the miRNAs profile in circulating EVs to create biomarker panels in patients with OC. Methodology: This study is a prospective observational study. Thirty-two patients diagnosed with OC, treated at Hospital Luxemburgo, who provided informed consent, were included in the research (CAAE - 82703418.8.0000.5121). Blood samples were collected, EVs were isolated, and total RNAs were extracted to construct small RNA libraries. The samples were then sequenced on the NEXTseq 550 (Illumina™), and the processing and identification of the sequences generated were assessed using UNITAS 1.8.0 software. Differential expression of miRNAs was then analyzed with the DESeq2 package. Results: Initial results indicated a distinct miRNA expression profile in OC patients compared to the control group. A total of 2,064 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in OC patients. Among the DEMs, miR-486-5p and miR-16-5p stood out, showing negative regulation compared to the control group. Previous studies have demonstrated the tumor-suppressive activity of these miRNAs, which regulate cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis5,6. Conclusion: With these initial findings, we reinforce the potential of miR-486-5p and miR-16-5p as biomarkers for ovarian cancer. However, additional validations are necessary to strengthen and confirm these results.
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- World Cancer Research Fund. Ovarian cancer statistics [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.wcrf.org/cancer-trends/ovariancancer-statistics/
- Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Estimativa 2023: incidência de câncer no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2022. ISBN 978-65-88517-10-9.
- Bebelman MP, Smit MJ, Pegtel DM, Baglio SR. The forces driving cancer extracellular vesicle secretion. Neoplasia. 2021;23(1):149. doi:10.1016/j.neo.2020.11.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neo.2020.11.011
- Martellucci S, Orefice NS, Angelucci A, et al. Extracellular vesicles: new endogenous shuttles for miRNAs in cancer diagnosis and therapy? Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(18):6486. doi:10.3390/ijms21186486 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186486
- Han XM, Tian PY, Zhang JL. MicroRNA-486-5p inhibits ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and participates in the development of PCOS via targeting MST4. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019;23(17). doi:10.26355/eurrev_201909_18823
- Dwivedi SKD, Chouhan D, Purohit P, Pareek P, Subramaniam S, Bohara S, et al. Therapeutic evaluation of microRNA-15a and microRNA-16 in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(12):15093. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.7618 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.7618
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